25 April 1915. To compensate, children, especially boys, were sent to work at younger ages – some as young as five. The British Empire had not considered that the Turks were fighting to defend against an invasion on their own soil. Turkey was a highly westernized Islamic republic, the flagship country as it were for the moribund Ottoman Empire. Again, provinces which suffered a high death toll saw children complete less schooling than provinces which went relatively unscathed. The cost of Gallipoli was enormous in terms of human life, with an estimated 130,000 men losing their life in action or from diseases contracted while on the peninsula. Bursa, in the country's north-west, was the worst-affected province by the Gallipoli campaign with 3737 soldiers killed, compared with the national average of 506 per province. The Gallipoli Campaign cost the Allies 187,959 killed and wounded and the Turks 161,828. The expeditionary force called ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Command) along with the French invaded the southern islands off of Turkey’s western sea coast and east of the Gallipoli peninsula into the Sea of Marmara. The Gallipoli campaign Mired in stalemate on the Western Front, the British war effort required new impetus in early 1915. The horrible situations, made the Anzacs strong and resilient, they had to rely upon mateship and each other to get through. Bibliography The Gallipoli Campaign cost the Allies 187,959 killed and wounded and the Turks 161,828. The study also measured the impact of the Gallipoli campaign on the next generation according to the length of time at school. The cost. The now much denigrated Mel Gibson starred in a movie about this campaign, not surprisingly called Gallipoli. By 1915 WWI had become hopelessly bogged down and expensive. Churchill would resign over the fiasco. Gallipoli proved to be the Turks' greatest victory of the war . "This was one of the most important wars," Dr Guven said. Lord Kirchener and Winston Churchill thought that an attack through the Dardanelles might allow bases to be built from which attacks could be made on Germany and Austria from the West. The main purpose of the Gallipoli campaign was to end World War One quickly by creating a new war front that the Turks could not defend. This showed which parts of Turkey took the greatest hit, in terms of men killed in action. The movie is great and it is also a good portrayal of the cost paid by young soldiers for making war that is poorly led, poorly planned, begun with poor intelligence and untried methods. Plans for such a venture were considered by the British authorities between 1904 and 1911, but military and naval opinion was against it. The Ottoman Empire occupied a position of great strategic importance, sandwiched between the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Balkans, the Middle East and northern Africa. Similarly the Turks suffered 253,000 casualties, or 60% of their forces. In all, 480,000 Allied forces took part in the Gallipoli Campaign, at a cost of more than 250,000 casualties, including 46,000 dead. The French army halted the German advance at the First Battle of the Marne. The Thracian Chersonese was part of the Eastern Roman Empire from its foundation in 330 AD. 24 - 25. In London, the campaign's failure led to the demotion of Winston Churchill and contributed to the collapse … Dr Guven said he also suspected the burden of war was carried through subsequent generations – and possibly compounded. The Gallipoli campaign was the land-based element of a strategy intended to allow Allied ships to pass through the Dardanelles, capture Constantinople and ultimately knock Ottoman Turkey out of the war. 8,709. New research has found the Turkish children born just before or during the WWI campaign were more likely to be illiterate than those born in later years. Such were the reasons he gave for wanting to use the name. It was a logistical nightmare. The entire might of the French army was required to beat back the German advance.The Allied counterattack also came to a halt, and by the winter of 1914, the war on the western front had become a bloody stalemate. The HMS Invincible and Inflexible were also sent listing back into the Meditteranean. “War must be, while we defend our lives against a destroyer who would devour all; but I do not love the bright sword for its sharpness, nor the arrow for its swiftness, nor the warrior for his glory. Had the countless frontal assaults worked, still there was the rest of Turkey to consider. The whole Gallipoli operation, however, cost 26,111 Australian casualties, including 8,141 deaths. Although the campaign is still regarded as a disaster, with little or nothing to show for the loss of life, ships and equipment, the fighting at Gallipoli had come close to breaking the Turkish army which had suffered over 87,000 fatalities. A further 87,000 Ottoman Turkish troops died fighting the allies and at least 300,000 more on both sides were seriously wounded. The Gallipoli campaign was a long and controversial attempt to reach and occupy Constantinople (now known as Istanbul) during World War I. Accession Number: A01005 Please try again later. Keegan, John, The First World War (1999); Hanna, Henry, The Pals at Suvla Bay (1917); Gallipoli, the Documentary, Your email address will not be published. Letters collected from the Turks and Aussies revealed the horror both sides had at the carnage. The ill-fated campaign cost tens of thousands of lives. Gallipoli proved to be the Turks' greatest victory of the war. 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