hawthorn ridge redoubt

Jump to: General, Art, Business, Computing, Medicine, Miscellaneous, Religion, Science, Slang, Sports, Tech, Phrases We found one dictionary with English definitions that includes the word hawthorn ridge redoubt: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "hawthorn ridge redoubt… German troops occupied the far lip of the crater at the Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt, turned machine-guns and trench mortars to the right and left flanks and fired into the British troops as they tried to advance. Contact Form. Imperial War Museum and Battery Press . II . Leaving Beaumont Hamel westwards on the D163 in the direction of Auchonvillers, this road leads across the 1916 battlefield, crossing first the German and then the British lines. London . The most important of them were beneath Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt at Beaumont Hamel, just south of La Boisselle (now Lochnagar Crater), and three in the 'Triple Tambour' near Fricourt. On the north bank, pointing south-east, lie the Auchonvillers spur, with a lower area known as Hawthorn Ridge, Beaucourt spur descending from Colincamps and Grandcourt spur crowned with the village of Serre. A report by the local German commander, showed that the preparations for the raid had been noticed a week before the attempt. 978-1-908916-89-1. On New Year's Eve 1915, a small mine was sprung under Redan Ridge north of Beaumont-Hamel, followed by German mine explosions on January. The German front had several shallow salients, flanks, a bastion at the west end of Y Ravine and cover in the valleys to the east. The entrances to the 3rd Platoon (German: Leutnant Breitmeyer) and some of the 2nd Platoon German: Unterstände (underground shelters) caved in and only two German: Gruppen escaped. History Press . The great mine at Hawthorn was designed to eliminate a prominent German Frontline salient which allowed them extensive observation north into the Sunken Lane and up to Redan Ridge, then south over the Hawthorn Ridge down to another German salient at Y Ravine. A redoubt (historically redout)12 is a fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, usually relying on earthworks, though others are constructed of stone or brick.3 It is meant to protect soldiers outside the main defensive line and can be a permanent structure or a hastily-constructed temporary fortification. On the left, fire from Y Ravine held up the advance and at another battalion reinforced the attack.  • Latvian War of Independence (1918–1920)  •  • Greco-Turkish War (1919–1923) In the early hours of 1 July, the 1st Battalion, The Lancashire Fusiliers were to use it to reach the Sunken Lane, ready to attack Beaumont-Hamel.  •  • New Zealand  • Christmas truce, • Economic history Book: Gliddon, G. . The 51st Division had attacked from 250yd, obscured by fog and supported by tanks, a creeping barrage and a machine-gun barrage, which caught German infantry in the open and the Highlanders took An analysis by the German 1st Army concluded that the positions were lost because of weeks of bombardment, part of which was from the flank and rear of the position, although the original deep-mined dug-outs survived. Six minutes before zero, the leading battalion of the right brigade moved beyond the British wire and advanced when the new mine at Hawthorn Crater was blown. It was the scene of a number of costly attacks by British infantry during the Battle of the Somme in 1916. Fog reduced the effect of the German counter-barrage and the front-line infantry were left to repulse the first attack.  • Polish–Soviet War (1919–1921) Barnsley .  • Polish–Lithuanian War (1920) I gripped hold of my tripod to steady myself. [5], • French Empire . James Edward Edmonds. Germany's Western Front, 1915: Translations from the German Official History of the Great War . See also: The Battle of the Somme (film). In late December 1915, General Sir Douglas Haig had replaced General Sir John French as Commander-in-… Barbed-wire obstacles had been enlarged from one belt 5– wide to two belts 30yd wide and about 15yd apart. The ground was flat and unobstructed, except for a sunken road from the Auchonvillers–Beaumont-Hamel road and a low bank near the German front trench. A branch in the valley known as Y Ravine lies on the side of Hawthorn Ridge. The expolsion of the Hawthorn ridge mine signalled the begining of the most tragic day in the history of the British Army. 978-0-901627-76-6. Hawthorn Ridge Cemetery No.2 is 460 metres South of No.1. Bombers (hand-grenade specialists in the infantry) carried flags to mark the front line.  • Treaty of St. Germain II . Thos Nelson & Sons . Divisional sectors north of the Albert–Bapaume road were about 3.75miles wide. Faber & Faber . It was detonated on 1 July, one of the three large mines, the other two being the Lochnagar mine and the Y Sap mine at La Boisselle.  • Armistice of Villa Giusti, • Libyan resistance (1911–1943) Greenwood Press, NY . The map boundaries of River Somme form a rough rectangle that takes the assaulting British southwest to northeast along a diagonal route. It rocked and swayed. Macmillan .  • Maritz Rebellion (1914–1915) The 12th Division was severely criticised and the number of recruits in the division from Polish Upper Silesia was blamed. Special arrangements were made by the 29th Division to capture Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt.  •  • Southern Rhodesia 2005 .  • Battle of Jutland 2010 .  • Greater Poland Uprising (1918–1919) 978-1-85409-330-1. An earlier detonation of the H3 mine in the VIII Corps sector was expected to divert German attention to the north bank of the Ancre, which would help the attacks of X Corps and XV Corps further south, where success was more important. The divisional field artillery was to lift for 100yd as each infantry advance began and then move east at 50yd per minute.  • Portugal In early March and from the chief engineer of the 2nd Army inspected the first position in the area of the 26th Reserve Division; only in the area of RIR 119 at Beaumont-Hamel and the trenches to the west around Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt, were there enough shell-proof concrete posts. .  • Battle of Mărăşeşti On this occasion, superior British planning resulted in a successful assault and Hawthorn Ridge as well as Beaumont Hamel were finally captured. Hawthorn Ridge Cemetery No.1 was made by the V Corps, who cleared the Ancre battlefields in the spring of 1917, as V Corps Cemetery No.9. 978-1-84415-269-8.  • Treaty of London  • Treaty of Brest-Litovsk The earth settles following the explosion of the mine beneath Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt on July 1, 1916 The American Revolution defenses at West Point , New York included several redoubts, forts, and the Great Chain with links weighing more than 100 pounds each that Continental Army military engineers stretched across the Hudson River. Each division was to reserve two 18-pounder batteries ready to advance at short notice; visual signalling, runners, flares, signals to contact patrol aircraft, wide-angle signalling lamps were provided.  • Battle of Tannenberg The British reopened the tunnel beneath the Hawthorn Ridge crater three days later and reloaded the mine with explosives for the Battle of the Ancre . History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence . History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence . Wilfrid Laurier University Press .  • Georgian–Armenian War (1918) At least three German: Gruppen of the 1st Platoon (German: Leutnant Renz) and the members of the 2nd Platoon (German: Leutnant Böhm) on the left side of the platoon area had been killed in the mine explosion. 978-1-907677-12-0. 978-0-7509-6732-7. The new mine was fired on 13 November in support of an attack on Beaumont-Hamel by the 51st (Highland) Division of V Corps.  •  • Newfoundland  •  • Australia London . These two redoubts, well into No Man’s Land, gave the German defenders dominion over the terrain the British were going to have to cross. J. . The Hawthorn Ridge sector was not attacked again until 13 November, during the Battle of the Ancre. On the night of a raiding party of RIR 119 failed to get forward, when the German artillery fired short. Book: . The plan was to detonate all other mines at 7:28 a.m., two minutes before zero hour when the infantry advance would begin, but Lieutenant-General Aylmer Hunter-Weston, whose VIII Corps was holding the Hawthorn Ridge sector, favoured blowing the mine hours before the main attack, believing this would give his 29th Division time to capture and consolidate the crater. Zero Day was not known to the Germans but the imminence of the expected attack was made evident by the springing of the mine.  • Battle of Aleppo The success of the German defence of the Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt crater contributed to the failure of the British attack on the rest of the VIII Corps front. II .  • Battle of Asiago The 29th and 4th divisions were to advance east across the valley of Beaumont-Hamel to an intermediate line on Beaucourt spur and then advance to the second position in hours. Links to other Sites https://web.archive.org/web/20131005010101/https://archive.org/details/ifilmedwar00maliuoft .  • Hundred Days Offensive Malins set up on the side of the White City trenches, about 0.5miles from Hawthorn Ridge, ready for the explosion at, As soon as the mine blew, the bombardment on the German front line by heavy artillery lifted and Stokes mortars, which had been placed in advanced sites, along with four more in the sunken lane in no man's land, began a hurricane bombardment on the front trench.  • Third Anglo-Afghan War (1919) .  • Railways 5 October 2013 . 2002 .  • Kosovo Offensive, • Battle of Verdun Hunter-Weston had ordered the mine to be fired early to protect the advancing infantry from falling debris but this also gave the Germans time to occupy the rear lip of the mine crater. dead .  • Strategic bombing The mine was blown up ten minutes before the start of the general attack, alerting the Germans to its imminence. There are now over 200, 1914-18 war casualties commemorated in this site. 978-0-7538-2202-9. Higher and higher it rose, and with a horrible grinding roar the earth settles back upon itself, leaving in its place a mountain of smoke.  •  • Turkish–Armenian War (1920)  • Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) The regimental history of RIR 119 recorded that. Sanctuary Wood. On the night of a German raid by II Battalion, Reserve Infantry Regiment 119 (RIR 119) took place near Y Ravine, against the 2nd South Wales Borderers of the 29th Division and caused 112 casualties, for a loss of three killed and one man wounded. The trenches were traversed and had sentry-posts in concrete recesses built into the parapet. pbk.  • Polish–Ukrainian War (1918–1919) 1920 . The detonation of the Hawthorn Ridge mine, ten minutes before the general attack commenced, was not considered to be the main cause of the lack of surprise on 1 July.  • Kerensky Offensive  • Russian Revolution (1917), • Ukrainian Civil War (1917–1921) [3], After the disaster of the first day on the Somme, British efforts were concentrated south of the Albert–Bapaume road and the Hawthorn Ridge sector was not subjected to further major attacks until the final push of the battle on 13 November, with the opening of the Battle of the Ancre. The second line was built beyond the range of Allied field artillery, to force an attacker to stop and move field artillery forward before assaulting the line. The Somme: The Day-by-Day Account . The Other Side of the Wire: The Battle of the Somme.  • St.-Jean-de-Maurienne Lochnagar Mine.  • Battle of Vittorio Veneto Follow the road to the top, where it joins a track to the left and continues as a …  • Blockade of Germany The mine contained about 40,000 pounds (18 t) of explosives. The plan was to detonate all other mines at 7:28 a.m., two minutes before zero hour when the infantry advance would begin, but Lieutenant-General Aylmer Hunter-Weston, whose VIII Corps was holding the … Cyprus.  • Soviet–Georgian War (1921), • Naval warfare The earth settles following the explosion of the mine beneath Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt on July 1, 1916 The American Revolution defenses at West Point , New York included several redoubts, forts, and the Great Chain with links weighing more than 100 pounds each that Continental Army military engineers stretched across the Hudson River. A witness to the detonation of the Hawthorn Ridge mine, was British cinematographer Geoffrey Malins who was filming the 29th Division attack. By 8:30 a.m., the only ground captured by the 29th Division was the western lip of the crater held by one company but by the end of the day this was lost to a German counter-attack. London . London .  • Turkish War of Independence Beaucourt Ridge further back, gave a commanding view to German artillery observers, who could see the gun flashes of British field artillery, despite the guns being dug in.  • Poison gas The left flank brigade was held up by uncut wire to the south of Hawthorn Crater and by massed machine-gun fire north of the Auchonvillers–Beaumont-Hamel road.  • Greece The Royal Engineer mining units involved in preparing the battle were the 174th, 178th, 179th, 181st, 183rd, 185th and 252nd Tunnelling companies. Stroud . Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt was a German front-line fortification west of the village of Beaumont Hamel on the Somme. I . A telephone system was built with lines buried 6feet deep, for 5miles behind the front line, to connect the front line to the artillery.  • Third Transjordan attack Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt mine (1 July 1916) 2.jpg 800 × 599; 68 KB Ancre sector 1 July 1916.png 990 × 1,240; 298 KB Hawthorn Ridge (1 July 1916).png 520 × 431; 180 KB Tyne Cot. The second position ran from Grandcourt to Puisieux and the third position was 3miles further back.  • Egyptian Revolution (1919) 1993 . Shallow valleys link the spurs, the village of Beaumont-Hamel lies in the valley between Auchonvillers and Beaucourt spurs.  • Paris Peace Conference The whole of the 29th Divisions dispositions was under direct German Artillery observation from the Schwaben Redoubt North of Thiepval, from the high ground behind Beaumont Hamel and from the Hawthorn Ridge. London . It was the scene of several costly attacks by British infantry during the Battle of the Somme in 1916. Two other tunnels, First Avenue and Mary, named after the communications trenches leading into them, were Russian saps dug to within 30yd of the German front line, ready to be opened at on 1 July, as emplacements for batteries of Stokes mortars. Redan Ridge, north of Hawthorn Ridge, former location of the German Munich Trench, and the Redan Ridge Redoubt.  • Battle of Gallipoli Beaumont-Hamel was captured and prisoners taken. The attack on the redoubt by part of the 29th Division of VIII Corps (Lieutenant-General Sir Aylmer Hunter-Weston) was a costly failure. German infantry made a great effort to gather intelligence, patrol and raid the British lines to snatch prisoners; the British became more experienced in responding to local attacks and began to use the same tactics.  • Vardar Offensive Naval & Military Press . At on 1 July 1916, the British fired a huge mine beneath the Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt. Sprung ten minutes before zero hour, it was one of 19 mines detonated on the first day of the Battle of the Somme; the detonation of this mine was filmed by Geoffrey Malins.  • Senussi Campaign (1915–1916) Book: Whitehead, R. J. . 1938 . London . Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt was a German front-line fortification west of the village of Beaumont Hamel on the Somme.  • Technology Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916: Sir Douglas Haig's Command to the 1st July: Battle of the Somme . This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. Maker . .  • Great Retreat . The 26th (Württemberg) Reserve Division German: (Generalmajor Franz von Soden) of the XIV Reserve Corps, arrived on the Somme in late September 1914, attempting to advance westwards towards Amiens. 5 October 2013 . The earth settles following the explosion of the mine beneath Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt on July 1, 1916. In May, Soden wrote that at least of artillery ammunition were necessary, to ensure the success of a raid. The moment of the explosion was captured on film by a British cameraman. Dugouts had been deepened from 6– to 20–, 50yd apart and large enough for An intermediate line of strong points (the German: Stützpunktlinie) about 1000yd behind the front line had also been built. Weidenfeld & Nicolson . 2013 . . .  • Romania Macmillan . The mines in the Somme were detonated as part of a failed attack on the Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt, a German fortification west of the village Beaumont-Hamel.  • Second Battle of Champagne Communication trenches ran back to the reserve line, renamed the second line, which was as well built and wired as the first line.  • Battle of Baku The second was that the defences were crowded towards the front trench, with a regiment having two battalions near the front-trench system and the reserve battalion divided between the German: Stützpunktlinie and the second line, all within 2200yd of the front line, accommodated in the new deep dugouts. Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt was a German front-line fortification, west of the village of Beaumont Hamel on the Somme. 1932 .  • Meuse-Argonne Offensive But the Hawthorn explosion, like much of the preparation for the Somme offensive, was not as effective as Gen…  • Franco-Syrian War (1920) Miners brought from Germany late in 1914 tunnelled under Beaumont-Hamel and the vicinity to excavate shelters in which infantry companies could shelter and against which even heavy artillery could cause little damage. British units had just moved into the Sunken Lane and the tunnel constructed by 252nd Tunnelling Company served to link it with the old British front line. By the only ground held by the 29th Division was the western lip of the crater. Cookie policy. . Somme 1916: A Battlefield Companion . The now famous image of the cataclysmic explosion of a mine set beneath the German frontline fortification of Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt on the ... a British Mark II tank at the Battle of Vimy Ridge. 978-1-84342-265-5. The first tunnel was to be a communication link to the Sunken Lane (shown in the film The Battle of the Somme, released in August 1916).  • Treaty of Neuilly Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt was a German front-line fortification, west of the village of Beaumont Hamel on the Somme.  • Treaty of Lausanne  • Lithuanian Wars of Independence (1918–1920) The redoubt was built after the end of the Battle of Albert , and as French and later British attacks on the Western Front became more formidable, the Germans added fortifications and trench positions near the original lines around Hawthorn Ridge. With the German XIV Reserve Corps: September 1914 – June 1916 . 1995 . Two platoons of the 2nd Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (86th Brigade, 29th Division) with four machine-guns and four Stokes mortars, rushed the crater. Book: Gillon, S. . Helion . One of the most famous mines of the war was used by the British at the start of the Battle of the Somme. 1939 . Casualties in the 86th Brigade were whom killed and reported missing. The British fired a hurricane bombardment each morning to lull the defenders with familiarity and the attack began in the morning after a short period of drumfire. . Photo by Ernest Brooks. Opinion in the 29th Division was that time was needed for the débris from the great mine to fall to earth, although it was demonstrated that all but dust had returned to the ground within twenty seconds.  • British Empire How I filmed the War: A Record of the Extraordinary Experiences of the Man Who Filmed the Great Somme Battles, etc . Pen & Sword Military .  • Battle of Romani  • Estonian War of Independence (1918–1920) The redoubt was built after the end of the Battle of Albert (25–29 September 1914), and as French and later British attacks on the Western Front became more formidable, the Germans added fortifications and trench positions near the original lines around Hawthorn Ridge. With the German XIV Reserve Corps, 1 July 1916 .  • Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)  • Italy 978-1-84415-962-8. All of the VIII Corps heavy artillery was ordered to lift at and the field artillery to lift at A light shrapnel barrage fired by the divisional field artillery was to continue on the front trench until zero hour; in the 29th Division sector, half of the guns were to lift three minutes early.  • Rape of Belgium  • Battle of Galicia The Scottish troops moved past the east end of Y Ravine and reached the first objective at, with a stray party from the 63rd (Royal Naval) Division. Ulster Tower. Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt. The hill it was on was almost flattened and all the Germans in the redoubt were killed. British observers could not see beyond the German support trenches and the convex slope on the British side of no man's land, made it difficult for heavy artillery to hit the front position, parts of which was untouched by the preliminary bombardment. Through German Eyes: The British and the Somme 1916 .  • Horse use  • Brusilov Offensive See main article: Battle of the Ancre. It was detonated on 1 July, one of the three large mines, the other two being the Lochnagar mine and the Y Sap mine at La Boisselle. The British divisions forming up in no man's land to reach the jumping-off position 100yd short of the German front line, were caught in the machine-gun fire and suffered many casualties. dmy-all . Solihull . Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt was a German front-line fortification, west of the village of Beaumont Hamel on the Somme.The redoubt was built after the end of the Battle of Albert (25–29 September 1914), and as French and later British attacks on the Western Front became more formidable, the Germans added fortifications and trench positions near the original lines around Hawthorn Ridge. On 13 November 1916, two brigades of the 51st (Highland) Division attacked the first objective (green line) at Station road and Beaumont-Hamel, then the final objective (yellow line) at Frankfort Trench, with three battalions, the fourth providing carrying parties. The Hawthorn Ridge mine was the northernmost of the ten mines dug by the Royal Engineer tunnelling companies. Helion . The 252nd Tunnelling Company placed mine H3 north of First Avenue and Mary, beneath the German stronghold on the ridge. Solihull . On the Somme front, a construction plan of January 1915, by which Falkenhayn intended to provide the western armies with a means to economise on infantry, had been completed.  •  • South Africa  • Lake Naroch Offensive  • Monastir Offensive, • First Battle of Gaza [4] For this attack another mine was laid beneath Hawthorn Ridge, this time containing 30,000 pounds (14,000 kg) of explosives. Beaumont-Hamel commanded the valley, which the VIII Corps divisions were to cross and had been fortified. Other Loughborough Memorials. Book: Jones, Simon . 978-0-8371-5029-1. 2010 .  • Montenegro Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916: 2nd July 1916 to the End of the Battles of the Somme . There are now over 150, 1914-18 war casualties commemorated in this site. The Somme defences had two inherent weaknesses which the rebuilding had not remedied: The first was that the front trenches were on a forward slope, lined by white chalk from the subsoil and easily seen by ground observers. The lifting of the heavy artillery bombardment made it safe for the Germans to emerge and occupy the front defences, despite the surface destruction caused by the preliminary bombardment and the cutting of much of the wire. Lanes had been cut through the British wire, bridges had been placed over rear trenches several days earlier; a bombardment had been fired at each morning for a week. Search WW2 Roll of Honour. and that the detonation was the signal for the German infantry to stand to at the shelter entrances. . The Hawthorn Ridge Mine Crater.  •  • United Kingdom Underground warfare began on the Somme front, which continued when the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) took over from the French Second Army at the end of July 1915.  • Battle of Sarikamish Book: Wynne, G. C. .  • Cryptography  • Japan The German Army on the Somme 1914–1916 . Book: Sheldon, J. . Ypres Salient.  • Indo-German Conspiracy (1914–1919) When British parties advanced across no man's land to occupy the crater, they were engaged by German small-arms fire. Leo Cooper .  • Kaocen Revolt (1916-1917) Phoenix . Falklands War. German artillery was organised in a series of German: Sperrfeuerstreifen (barrage sectors). The detonation was swiftly followed by a German counter-barrage and in the next few minutes, German machine-guns opened fire all along the front.  • Battle of Jerusalem London . Book: Edmonds, J. E. . 1992 . An intermediate line known to the British as Munich Trench began at Beaucourt Redoubt and ran north to Serre.  • Vlora War (1920)  • First Battle of the Marne  • Convoy system  • Battle of Cambrai, • Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 2016 .  • Siam It was made by the V Corps (as V Corps Cemetery No.12) in the spring of 1917, and seven isolated graves were brought in after the Armistice.
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