This ease of approach was soon countered by an extremely high level of anti-aircraft fire as the Japanese began their attack. Other aircraft inflicted significant damage on the heavy cruiser Chikuma. The landings initiated the six-month-lon… Noumea is in hex 1630, at the bottom of the playing area. Due to command and control issues the American combat air patrol was largely ineffective and the Japanese were able to focus their attack on Hornet against light aerial opposition. … Task Force 61. Supporting the Japanese carrier forces was Rear Admiral Hiroaki Abe's Vanguard Force which consisted of battleships and heavy cruisers. The Battle of Santa Cruz Prelude Campaign and Battle 11th October to 26th October 1942. Arriving over Nagumo's carriers, the first American dive bombers concentrated their attack on Shokaku, striking the ship with three to six bombs and inflicting heavy damage. Carrier Strike: The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, October 1942 (The Guadalcanal Battles Series Book 4) Launching a final set of raids, Kondo's aircraft located the Hornet just as the crew was beginning to restore power. World War II: Battle of Santa Cruz. As a result of this standoff, the two sides were roughly equal in strength. Though a Japanese victory on the surface, the fighting at Santa Cruz saw them sustain heavy aircrew losses which exceeded those taken at Coral Sea and Midway. The other to was to remove the increasingly ineffective Vice Admiral Robert L. Ghormley and replace him as Commander, South Pacific Area with aggressive Vice Admiral William "Bull" Halsey on October 18. These necessitated withdrawing Zuikaku and the uncommitted Hiyo to Japan to train new air groups. Attacking, they quickly reduced the damaged carrier to a burning hulk forcing the crew to abandon ship. Drachinifel's Analysis of the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. This was followed by Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo's Main Body containing the carriers Shokaku, Zuikaku, and Zuiho. Around 8:40 AM, the opposing forces passed with a brief aerial melee ensuing. "World War II: Battle of Santa Cruz." Halsey, anticipating a Japanese move into the waters northeast of Guadalcanal, ordered Kinkaid to sweep north of the Santa Cruz islands - a small, malaria-infested chain 700 miles north of New Caledonia - to engage the Japanese fleet. Six minutes later, it successfully evaded an attack by aircraft from Junyo. This was to be supported by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto's Combined Fleet which would maneuver to the east with the goal of bringing the remaining American carriers to battle and sinking them. In October 1942, the Imperial Japanese Navy appeared to be narrowly winning the battle for control of the seas around Guadalcanal. In-box reviews . The Battle of Santa Cruz was fought October 25-27, 1942, during World War II (1939-1945) and was part of a series of naval actions tied to the ongoing Battle of Guadalcanal. At Santa Cruz, scout bombers in the U.S. Navy’s dawn search succeeded in damaging the Japanese light carrier Zuiho. Guadalcanal: Naval Battles: Battle of Santa Cruz Islands. You need to play a total of 20 battles to post in this section. Countering these efforts were two task forces under the operational control of Rear Admiral Thomas Kinkaid. The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands was fought 25–27 October 1942 in the waters northwest of the Santa Cruz Islands by forces of the Imperial Japanese Navy's (IJN) Combined Fleet and the United States Navy's (USN) Pacific Fleet. In the Battle of Santa Cruz Islands, October 26, 1942, the Japanese again tried to drive the United States' forces from Guadalcanal. Japanese aircraft carriers Shokaku and Zuiho were severely hit, as was the heavy cruiser Chikuma, along with destroyer Terutsuki. ThoughtCo uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. World War II. 26 October 1942 Contributed by Richard Worth, David Williams, Richard Leonard, Tony DiGiulian and Mark Horan. In the Battle of Santa Cruz Islands, October 26, 1942, the Japanese again tried to drive the United States' forces from Guadalcanal. Official U.S. Navy Photograph, now in the collections of the National Archives. On 7 August 1942, Allied forces (primarily U.S.) landed on Japanese-occupied Guadalcanal, Tulagi, and Florida Islands in the Solomon Islands. The first was speeding repairs to Enterprise, allowing the ship to return to action and join with Hornet on October 23. World War II: Battle of the Eastern Solomons, World War II Pacific: The Japanese Advance Stopped, World War II: Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, World War II: Admiral Frank Jack Fletcher, World War II: Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, World War II: Battle of the Philippine Sea, M.S., Information and Library Science, Drexel University, B.A., History and Political Science, Pennsylvania State University, 2 carriers, 1 battleship, 6 cruisers, & 14 destroyers, 4 carriers, 4 battleships, 10 cruisers, & 22 destroyers. Having built up troops on the island in preparation for a major offensive, the Japanese moved naval forces to the area with the goal of attaining a decisive victory over their counterparts and sinking the remaining Allied carriers. Around 8:52 AM, the Japanese spotted Hornet, but missed Enterprise as it was hidden in squall. The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, fought during 25–27 October 1942, sometimes referred to as the Battle of Santa Cruz or Third Battle of Solomon Sea, in Japan as the Battle of the South Pacific (Japanese: 南太平洋海戦 Minamitaiheiyō kaisen), was the fourth aircraft carrier battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II. Hornet sank months later, in October 1942 in the Battle of Santa Cruz Island in a fight to push Japanese forces out of the southern Solomon Islands. He has appeared on The History Channel as a featured expert. The Japanese prepare a major campaign to recapture Henderson Field . While repairs quickly progressed on USS Enterprise (CV-6), which had been damaged at Eastern Solomons, the Allies were able to retain daytime air superiority due to the presence of aircraft at Henderson Field on Guadalcanal. Shortly before 7:00 AM on October 26, both sides located each other and began racing to launch strikes. The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, fought during 25–27 October 1942, sometimes referred to as the Battle of Santa Cruz or in Japan as the Battle of the South Pacific (Japanese: 南太平洋海戦 Minamitaiheiyō kaisen), was the fourth carrier battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II. The US controls minor islands in hexes 1118 and 1218 as well as Guadalcanal and Espiritu Santo. As a result, the Japanese carriers played no further offensive role in the Solomon Islands Campaign. As the first wave of Japanese aircraft departed, they spotted Enterprise and reported its position. CARRIER STRIKEThe Battle of the Santa Cruz IslandsOctober 1942Eric HammelThe Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, a strategic naval action in the bitter Guadalcanal Campaign, was history’s fourth carrier-versus-carrier naval battle. Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands - 26 October 1942 (Read More... Santa Cruz is widely recognized as the most violent carrier-vs-carrier battle of the Second World War. Prelude Campaign The Battle for Henderson Field With Imperial Japanese Army troops still vainly struggling to subdue the beleaguered U.S. Marines who stubbornly clung to the Henderson Field perimeter like a drowning sailor to a preserver, Imperial General Headquarters was loath to leave the situation alone. In the course of the attack, the Japanese aircraft took heavy losses. In addition, heavy damage was sustained to Shokaku which removed it from operations for nine months. By using ThoughtCo, you accept our. Assessing the situation and correctly believing the Japanese to have two undamaged carriers, Kinkaid decided to withdraw the damaged Enterprise at 11:35 AM. In this light, the battle may be seen as a strategic victory for the Allies. With the Battle of Guadalcanal raging, Allied and Japanese naval forces clashed repeatedly in the area around the Solomon Islands. The Battle of Cape Esperance and the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands comprise one of a series of twenty-one published and thirteen unpublished Combat Narratives of specific naval campaigns produced by the Publications Branch of the Office of Naval Intelligence during World War II. This battle set up conditions for the surface fleet actions in the Naval Battles of Guadalcanal in mid-November. Japanese losses totaled 99 aircraft and between 400 and 500 killed. As the Americans were moving away, Zuikaku and Junyo began landing the few aircraft that were returning from the morning's strikes. In the course of launching, two American SBD Dauntless dive bombers, which had been serving as scouts, hit Zuiho twice damaging its flight deck. Having united his Advance Force and Main Body, Kondo pushed hard towards the last known American position with the hope that Abe could finish off the enemy. Again attacking through intense anti-aircraft fire, the Japanese scored two bomb hits, but failed to connect with any torpedoes. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Carrier Strike : The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, October 1942 by Eric Hammel (2005, Trade Paperback, Revised edition) at the best online prices at eBay! Task Force 16. Dousing the fires, Enterprise resumed flight operations around 11:15 AM. The first, at the end of August, was later called the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, while the second took place two months later on October 26,1942. While many of these involved surface forces in the narrow waters off Guadalcanal, others saw the adversaries' carrier forces clash in attempts to alter the strategic balance of the campaign. Using destroyers known as the "Tokyo Express," the Japanese were able to bolster their garrison on Guadalcanal. After those In October 1942, as part of the Guadalcanal campaign, the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands was fought between U.S. and Japanese carrier task forces. 26 OCTOBER 1942. battle: Part of: Pacific War: Location: Santa Cruz Islands, Solomon Islands: Point in time: 27 October 1942: Start time: 25 October 1942: End time: 27 October 1942: 8° 37′ 48″ S, 166° 43′ 12″ E The history and Technology of Submarines (Grade 5), To the Ends of the Earth and Beyond (Grades 5-8), The Date that Lives in Infamy: Pearl Harbor (High School), Codes and Signals: Breaking the Spy Games of World War II and Vietnam, Damage Control Mission Brief: (Blue Navy) A Study Based on the Battle of Okinawa, Damage Control Mission Brief: (Green Navy) A Study Based on the Battle of Okinawa, Brown Bag Brief: Unlike Anything That Ever Floated: The USS Monitor with Dwight Hughes, STEAM Saturday: Codebreaking and Intelligence in the U.S. Navy, Brown Bag Brief: Race, Equality, and a Personal Journey, National Museum of the U.S. Navy Info Pamphlets, U.S. Navy Response to the 1855 Yellow Fever Epidemic, U.S. Navy Response to the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire, U.S. Navy Response to the 1923 Kanto Earthquake in Japan, Chief Yeoman (F) Loretta P. Walsh: The First Navy Female Chief Petty Officer, The First Four: Women Chief Petty Officers: WWII, Guadalcanal Campaign: August 1942-February 1943, 1942 October 26: Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Though the Japanese achieved an expensive tactical victory, the U.S. gained time to further strengthen Guadalcanal's defenses. There are minor islands, controlled by Japan, in hexes 0213, 0314, 0414, 0615, 0716, 0816 and 0917. The Battle of Santa Cruz cost the Allies a carrier, destroyer, 81 aircraft, and 266 killed, as well as damage to Enterprise. Hickman, Kennedy. Though they took heavy losses, the Japanese succeeded in hitting Hornet with three bombs and two torpedoes. As a result, the Japanese carriers would play no further role in the Guadalcanal Campaign. The next night, in heavy rain, the Marines and the Americal regiment fought off still another Japanese assault. Centered on Enterprise and Hornet, they swept north to the Santa Cruz Islands on October 25 searching for the Japanese. DIVE! Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, (20 April 1657).In 1654, Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the republican Commonwealth, declared war on Spain, unleashing English fleets to attack Spanish shipping and colonies in the Caribbean and Atlantic.In 1657, Admiral Robert Blake destroyed a Spanish treasure fleet in a daring raid at Santa Cruz de Tenerife in the Canary Islands. ThoughtCo. At 11:03 AM, an American PBY Catalina spotted Nagumo's Main Body, but the range was too far for launching a strike. Hickman, Kennedy. Part two of the deadly saga of the Solomons plays out at the Santa Cruz Islands. These aircraft were not able operate effectively at night and in the darkness control of the waters around the island reverted to the Japanese. Aware he had been spotted, Nagumo turned north. The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, fought during 25–27 October 1942, sometimes referred to as the Battle of Santa Cruz or in Japan as the Battle of the South Pacific (Japanese: 南太平洋海戦 Minamitaiheiyō kaisen), was the fourth carrier battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II. ), was the fourth carrier battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II and the fourth major naval engagement fought between the United States Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy during the lengthy and … RAdm Thomas C. Kinkaid. Later, Hornet dive bombers busted up the flight deck of the fleet carrier Shokaku. Also check if the product actually matches! "World War II: Battle of Santa Cruz." American Forces. On October 26, the two fleets began exchanging air attacks which ultimately saw the Japanese suffer one carrier heavily damaged and the Allies lose USS Hornet (CV-8). The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, fought during 25–27 October 1942, sometimes referred to as the Battle of Santa Cruz or in Japanese sources as the Battle of the South Pacific (南太平洋海戦? A few months after Midway, the JNAF sustained similar casualty rates in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons and Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, and it was these battles, combined with the constant attrition of veterans during the Solomons campaign, which were the catalyst for the sharp downward spiral in operational capability. 25-Oct-42 Guadalcanal : a busy day of full Japanese support against an expected consolidation of the expected seizure of Henderson Field, as well as naval elements on both sides jockey for the positions that create the next day’s Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Facing a superior enemy force, Enterprise and Hornet launched multiple strikes, before being attacked in turn. With Nagumo launching, Kondo ordered Abe to move towards the Americans while he worked to bring Junyo within range. Though Allied ship losses were higher, the Japanese suffered heavy casualties among their air crews. By Avenge_December_7, February 5 in Historical Discussions and Studies. Rather than form a massed force, American F4F Wildcats, Dauntlesses, and TBF Avenger torpedo bombers began moving towards the Japanese in smaller groups. The next focused their attack on the undamaged carrier around 10:08 AM. BATTLE OF THE SANTA CRUZ ISLANDS. Despite this, Japanese naval forces continued to seek battle to the east. The Battle of Santa Cruz was fought October 25-27, 1942, during World War II (1939-1945) and was part of a series of naval actions tied to the ongoing Battle of Guadalcanal. Drachinifel's Analysis of the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands Sign in to follow this . Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Followers 1. External reviews. While the Japanese were planning, Admiral Chester Nimitz, Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas, made two moves to change the situation in the Solomons. During this aircraft-carrier action, the fourth of the Pacific War, USS Hornet (CV-8) and USS Porter (DD-356) were lost and USS Enterprise (CV-6) was badly damaged, at a cost to the Japanese of many aircraft. The battle resulted from a major Japanese offensive with the goal to drive the US forces from Guadalcanal. We don't know about any in-box reviews for this Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands (#SPS14) from Pit-Road. https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-santa-cruz-2361423 (accessed April 10, 2021). The Japanese proved faster and soon a large force was heading towards Hornet. Following the Battle of the Eastern Solomons in August 1942, the US Navy was left with three carriers in the area. On fire and dead in the water, Hornet's crew began a massive damage control operation which saw the fires brought under control by 10:00 AM. Then they head to waters east of Santa Cruz Islands. STRATEGIC OVERVIEW AND COMPARISON OF OPPOSING FORCES . In mid-October the Japanese launched a rare coordinated attack on Guadalcanal. … Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-santa-cruz-2361423. This was quickly reduced to one, USS Hornet (CV-8), after USS Saratoga (CV-3) was badly damaged by a torpedo (August 31) and withdrawn and USS Wasp (CV-7) was sunk by I-19 (September 14). In an effort to break this stalemate, the Japanese planned a massive offensive on the island for October 20-25. [Battle of Cape Esperance] The battles of Cape Esperance, 11 October 1942 and Santa Cruz Islands, 26 October 1942. Departing the area, Enterprise began recovering aircraft while the cruiser USS Northampton worked to take Hornet under tow. The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands was the fourth carrier battle in the Pacific War, following the Battle of the Eastern Solomons (August 24-25, 1942), Battle of Midway (June 4-6, 1942) and the Battle of the Coral Sea (May 4-8, 1942). Image: 80-G-20989: USS Enterprise (CV-6) and U.S. Navy ships firing at attacking Japanese carrier aircraft during the Battle of Santa Cruz Islands, October 26, 1942. Remaining out of range through the day, the Japanese turned south after midnight and began closing the distance with the American carriers. The battle of the Santa Cruz Islands (26 October 1942) was an indecisive carrier battle during the Guadalcanal campaign that ended with one American carrier sunk and two Japanese carriers damaged, but that had little impact on the fighting on the island. Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history. Enterprise under attack at the Battle of Santa Cruz Islands. Assembling forces, command for the operation was given to Vice Admiral Nobutake Kondo who would personally lead the Advance Force which was centered on the carrier Junyo. Bomb Explosion on Enterprise at the Battle of Eastern Solomons. At the same time, Nagumo was directed to withdraw the stricken Shokaku and damaged Zuiho. Alternative SKUs for Pit-Road SPS14:. U.S. Navy map from 1943 showing approximate tracks of Japanese and U.S. ships and aircraft during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, October 26, 1942. ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/battle-of-santa-cruz-2361423. The U.S. Navy was led by Rear Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid, Task Force 16, and Rear Admiral George D. Murray, Task Force 17, and the Japanese were led by Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo. Hickman, Kennedy. Free shipping for many products! Moving forward with their ground offensive on October 23, Japanese forces were defeated during the Battle for Henderson Field. This allowed supplies and reinforcements to be brought the island. Initiative. Santa Cruz Islands are in hex 1618. Both sides had to withdraw their mauled carriers. The Battle of Santa Cruz was the last of the carrier battles around Guadalcanal. Note: Prices and availability are indications only. (2020, August 26). The landings on the islands were meant to deny their use by the Japanese as bases for threatening the supply routes between the U.S. and Australia, and to secure the islands as starting points for a campaign with the eventual goal of isolating the major Japanese base at Rabaul while also supporting the Allied New Guinea campaign. The American Revolution and the French Alliance, The Forgotten Wars of the Nineteenth Century, Civil War: Securing the Seas for Union Victory, In Harm's Way: The U.S. Navy and World War II: Atlantic, In Harm's Way: The U.S. Navy and World War II: The Home Front, In Harm's Way: The U.S. Navy and World War II: The Pacific Theater, Korea 1950-53: The Navy in the Forgotten War, Sailor's Life at Sea & Poetry (Grades 4-6), DIVE! Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Foreword to the NHC Edition. The malarial Santa Cruz Islands bear three hundred miles east of the Solomons, and might remain unknown to history but for the fourth carrier battle of World War II’s Pacific Campaign, fought nearby in October 1942, and known as the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Darkness control of the Battle for control of the Santa Cruz. the attack, the Imperial Japanese Navy to... Through the day, the Japanese spotted Hornet, but the range was far! The naval battles: Battle of Santa Cruz Islands we do n't about. 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