satchel paige timeline

On October 23, Federal Judge Clarence Thomas, nominated by President George H.W. Congress enacts the Civil Rights Act of 1875 on March 1, guaranteeing equal rights to black Americans in public accommodations and jury duty. South Carolina enacts its first laws regulating slave movement and behavior. Census of 1820, U.S. Population: 9,638,452, Black Population: 1,771,656 (18.4 percent) including 233,504 free African Americans. They are fined 30 pounds of tobacco for every night they provide shelter to a runaway slave. The decade of the 1920s witnesses the Harlem Renaissance, a remarkable period of creativity for black writers, poets, and artists, including among others Claude McKay, Jean Toomer, Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston. A condition of the land transfer, however, is the guarantee of a specified amount of. Frederick Douglass is nominated by the Liberty Party of New York for the office of secretary of state. In May, the 24th Infantry returns to occupy the Coeur d'Alene Mining District in northern Idaho after violence again erupts. In January, Congressman Andrew Young is appointed by President Jimmy Carter to be U.S. Michael Jackson's album, Thriller, is released. Some 370,000 African-Americans join the armed forces with more than half serving in the French war zone. The French colonial government in Louisiana enacts the Code Noir, the first body of laws that govern both slaves and free blacks in North America. On November 7 Deval Patrick is elected Governor of Massachusetts.  He becomes the second African American in the nation, after L. Douglas Wilder in Virginia in 1989, to be popularly elected to this position. On September 9, nearly 1,200 inmates seize control of half of the New York State Prison at Attica in what will be known as the Attica Prison Riot. He is also the first African American to hold the title. Rhode Island enacts first anti-slavery law in the British colonies. This is the first major riot in a Northern city in nearly half a century. Photographer James Van Der Zee begins his career by capturing images of Marcus Garvey and the UNIA. George Washington Williams's History of the Negro Race in America from 1619 to 1880 is considered teh first history of African Americans that met the standards of professionally written history of that era. The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Maids is recognized by the Pullman Company. Jupiter Hammon, a Long Island enslaved person, publishes a book of poetry. A new slave code in Virginia prohibits weapons for slaves, requires passes beyond the limits of the plantation and forbids self-defense by any African Americans against any European American. From 2009 to 2011 he serves as U.S. Live beautifully, love generously, laugh freely. Twenty thousand black loyalists depart with British Troops from the newly independent United States. Over the next four decades Micheaux will produce and direct 24 silent films and 19 sound films, making him the most prolific black filmmaker of the 20th Century. The show airs on NBC. degree when she graduated from Oberlin College in 1862.  Lucy Stanton Day Sessions graduated from Oberlin twelve years earlier but was not in a prog. Forty people are killed, hundreds more injured, and 6,000 driven from their homes. Six blacks are killed. On May 2, black men in New Orleans organize the First Louisiana Native Guard of the Confederate Army. Census of 1980, U.S. population: 226,504,825, Black population: 26,482,349 (11.8 percent). The black 99th Pursuit Squadron (Tuskegee Airmen) flies its first combat mission in Italy. Marshal. African American History Timeline Abolition of slavery celebration, Washington D.C., April 19, 1866 Public domain illustration by Frederick Dielman, Courtesy Library of Congress (00651116) In March Willie W. Herenton was elected the first African American mayor of Memphis, Tennessee. Marcus Garvey is imprisoned for mail fraud. The first meeting of the National Negro Congress takes place in Chicago on February 14, 1936. On August 26, the 19th Amendment to the Constitution is ratified giving all women the right to vote. The first enslaved Africans arrive in Louisiana. Arthur Ashe becomes the first African American to win the British Men's Singles at Wimbledon. On November 5, the Maryland Supreme Court rules in Murray v. Pearson that the University of Maryland must admit African Americans to its law school or establish a separate school for blacks. The Knights of Peter Claver, the first permanent national black Catholic fraternal order, is founded in Mobile, Alabama. On June 13, Congress approves the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, guaranteeing due process and equal protection under the law to all citizens. The success of rice cultivation in South Carolina encourages the importation of larger numbers of enslaved laborers especially from Senegal and other rice producing regions of West Africa. An indentured black servant petitions a Massachusetts Court and wins his freedom after the death of his master. Nat King Cole becomes the first African American to have a radio variety show. Lemuel Haynes is the first African American to receive an honorary degree in U.S. history when Middlebury College awards him a Master's Degree at its second commencement. Brown holds the Speakership until 1995 when he is elected Mayor of San Francisco. Rita Dove wins the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. Her recording, "Down-Hearted Blues," becomes the first million-selling record by an African American artist. Floyd Joseph Calvin, a Pittsburgh Courier journalist, becomes the first black radio talk show host when he begins broadcasting from WGBS in Pittsburgh. The Freedman's Bank closes after African American depositors and investors lose more than one million dollars. New Hampshire, and New York soon follow. Harriett Wilson of Milford, New Hampshire publishes Our Nig; or Sketches from the Life of a Free Black, the first novel by an African American woman. The Lorraine Motel was forever etched in America’s collective memory with the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. in 1968, but even before that fateful day, the property at 450 Mulberry Street had a fascinating history in its own right. Black and white indentured servants plan a rebellion in Gloucester County, Virginia. The Jubilee year, the 50th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation, is celebrated throughout the nation over the entire year. The West Virginia State Supreme Court rules that an African American is denied equal protection under the law if his jury has no black members. On June 21, the Oklahoma Grandfather Clause is overturned in Guinn v. United States. On October 6, Fisk University's Jubilee Singers begin their first national tour. On November 10, in Wilmington, North Carolina, eight black Americans were killed as white conservative Democrats forcibly removed from power black and white Republican officeholders in the city.  The episode would be known as the Wilmington Riot. Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant on April 9 at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War. They form the Confederate States of America on March 4. The Port Royal (South Carolina) Reconstruction Experiment begins in March. Significant population shifts and reduced resistance to residential integration result in more African Americans living in the suburbs of Los Angeles and Seattle than in their city limits. Please note: Text within images is not translated, some features may not work properly after translation, and the translation may not accurately convey the intended meaning. Congress permits the enlistment of African American soldiers in the U.S. Army on July 17. Harry Belafonte's "Calypso," released by RCA Records, is the first album in history to sell more than one million copies. Dr. Charles R. Drew presents his thesis, Banked Blood at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center in New York. This is the first major play of the Harlem Renaissance. The Mariel boatlift transports 125,000 Cubans to Florida including a large number of Afro-Cubans. Virginia reverses the presumption of English law that the child follows the status of his father, and enacts a law that makes the free or enslaved status of children dependent on the status of the mother. The Massachusetts legislature passes a law that forbids European Americans from engaging in any trade or commerce with an African American. The riot which generates 15 deaths is the worst in the nation since Detroit in 1967. The Sweet family is represented at their trial by Clarence Darrow and acquitted of the charge. Thirty Africans accompany Vasco Nunez de Balboa on his trip to the Pacific Ocean. On February 29, Hattie McDaniel receives an Oscar for Best Supporting Actress in her role in Gone With the Wind. She becomes the first black actor to win an academy award. Charlotte Ray of Washington, D.C. is the first African American woman and only the third woman admitted to the bar to practice law in the U.S. At its height the organization claims nearly two million members. Hawkins' travels also call attention to Sierra Leone. January 14: George Ellis Johnson's Johnson Products becomes the first Black-owned company to be listed on a major U.S. stock exchange when it begins trading on the American Stock Exchange. On September 10, Serena Williams wins the U.S. Open Womens Singles Tennis Championship in Flushing Meadows, the first African American woman to do so since Althea Gibson's win in 1958. Texas declares its independence from Mexico. The timeline below highlights milestones in the history of black Americans, with links to related articles. Spelman College, the first college for black women in the U.S., is founded on April 11 by Sophia B. Packard and Harriet E. Giles. Gwendolyn Brooks of Chicago is named U.S. Poet-Laureate. Between 1808 and 1860, approximately 250,000 blacks are illegally imported into the United States. Samuel Thomas, a white cleric in Charleston, South Carolina, establishes the first school for African Americans in the British North American colonies. W.C. Handy published "Memphis Blues" sheet music in Memphis. On November 22 Mike Tyson defeates Trevor Berbick for the World Boxing Council heavyweight championship in a title fight in Las Vegas. Others (African Americans) must comply, The Spanish-American War begins on April 21. The French government awards the Croix de Guerre to 1. They remain for four months. Rev. William Henry Lane (Master Juba) of New York City is the first acclaimed black dance performer. After translating an article, all tools except font up/font down will be disabled. By 1930 there were 1,035,000 more black Americans in the North than in 1910. Only 14 Confederate soldiers die in the battle. William "Bill" Pinkney becomes the first African American and only the fourth American to singlehandedly navigate a sailboat around the world. On May 15, two students, Philip Lafayette Gibbs and James Earl Green, are killed by police in a confrontation with students at Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi. On June 25, the Legislative Committee of the Provisional Government of Oregon enacts the first of a series of black exclusion laws. He graduates from Rush Medical College in Chicago. A public slave market opens in New York City at the east end of Wall Street. Watch as baby name trends rise and fall over time. On June 15 operatic soprano Sissieretta Jones becomes the first African American to perform at Carnegie Hall. Lewis was team captain for the 1891-92 season. Lorraine Hansberry's "A Raisin in the Sun" opens in New York on March 11 with Sidney Poitier in the starring role. The first black cadets graduate from the Army Flight School at Tuskegee Institute, Alabama. The company manufactured and sold telephone and telegraph equipment. Wynton Marsalis's "Blood on the Fields" becomes the first jazz composition to win a Pulitzer Prize in Music. In October activist Ida B. Wells begins her anti-lynching campaign with the publication of Southern Horrors: Lynch Law and in All Its Phases and a speech in New York City's Lyric Hall. Many observers credit African American voters with Kennedy's narrow margin of victory. Timmie Rogers, comedian, dancer, and singer, launches the first all-black variety show, Sugar Hill Times, on CBS Television. Missouri bans the education of free blacks. A record 230 people are lynched in the United States this year, 161 are black and 69 white. Escaped slaves from Georgia, South Carolina and Alabama join the military campaign of the Florida Seminoles to keep their homelands. On August 14, the Springfield Race Riot breaks out in Springfield, Illinois, the home town of Abraham Lincoln. President Bill Clinton appoints prominent historian John Hope Franklin to lead the President's Commission on Race to promote a national dialogue on issues affecting African Americans in the United States, and to ease racial tensions. On April 3, the U.S. Supreme Court in Smith v. Allwright declares white only political primaries unconstitutional. Free European American women who marry enslaved men lose their freedom. James T. Whitehead, Jr., becomes the first African American to pilot a U-2 spy plane. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter. Carolyn Jefferson-Jenkins becomes the first African American president of the National League of Women Voters. An estimated 30,000 black teachers have been trained since the end of the U.S. Civil War in 1865. An African American, York, is prominent in the expedition. Getty Images. On March 3, Los Angeles police use force to arrest Rodney King after a San Fernando Valley traffic stop. On November 20, Garrett T. Morgan patents a caution light which improves the traffic signal. Eight teams are part of the league. We’ve been busy, working hard to bring you new features and an updated design. Chicago businessman Abe Saperstein forms the Harlem Globetrotters basketball team in Chicago on January 30. Businessman Jesse Blayton, Sr., establishes WERD-AM, the first black owned radio station. On January 13, Robert Weaver, President Lyndon Baines Johnsons nominee to head the newly created Department of Housing and Urban Development, is confirmed for the post by the U.S. Senate. Southern outrage at the North’s use of black soldiers flares up. In January President-elect George W. Bush nominates Colin Powell to be Secretary of State.  Condoleezza Rice is also appointed to the positon of National Security Advisor for the Bush Administration.  This is the first time either post has been held by Af. He is the first African American to preside over a predominately white university. The Court defends its ruling by articulating the separate but equal doctr. By April 11, 46 people are killed and 35,000 are injured in these confrontations. On November 8, Edward Brooke of Massachusetts becomes the first African American to be popularly elected to the U.S. Senate. Theodore Sedgewick Wright is the first black graduate of the Princeton Theological Seminary. Alex Haley publishes The Autobiography of Malcolm X. The Voting Rights Act is signed into law on August 6. Cooper played for the Boston Celtics; Clifton played for the New York Knicks, and Lloyd. Noble Drew Ali founds the Moorish Science Temple in Newark, New Jersey. The United States Congress enacts the first Fugitive Slave Law. On August 10, General Colin L. Powell is named chair of the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff, the first African American to hold the post. On October 16, only one month after becoming President, Theodore Roosevelt holds an afternoon meeting at the White House with Booker T. Washington. On February 25, Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) wins the first of three world heavyweight championships in a bout with Sonny Liston in Miami, Florida. The 1850 Compromise also allowed. Lynchings continue in the South with the brutal slaying of a 14-year-old Chicago youth, Jim Stewart and Estelle Axton, a white brother and sister, found Stax Records of Memphis, Tennessee. Briton Hammon publishes A Narrative of the Uncommon Sufferings and Surprising Deliverance of Briton Hammon in Boston. Their plans are discovered and the leaders are executed. The Michigan Chronicle is founded in Detroit by Louis E. Martin. Du Bois becomes the first African American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard University. In the storied “Rumble in the Jungle,” boxer, Modern dancer Judith Jamison becomes the artistic director of the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, following, The Senate votes 52–48 to confirm the nomination of Justice, With much fanfare, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., is appointed W.E.B. Black Panther Party cofounder Bobby Seale is tried for conspiracy to incite rioting at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago the previous year. Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation takes effect on January 1, legally freeing slaves in areas of the South still in rebellion against the United States. With the Democratic takeover of both the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate in the November mid-term elections, for the first time in U.S. history four African American members of Congress chair full committees in the House: Rep. John Conyers(Mi.). Nineteen white citizens of Darien, Georgia petition the colonial governor to continue the ban on the importation of Africans into the colony, calling African enslavement morally wrong. This is the first slave uprising in the New World. The United States enters World War I on April 6. Gaines v. Canadarules that a state that provides in-state education for whites must provide comparable in-state education for blacks. Bishop Daniel A. Payne becomes the institution's first president. On April 10, Emanuel Cleaver II is sworn in as the first African American mayor of Kansas City, Missouri. College and university enrollment for African American students rises sharply from 282,000 in 1966 to 1,062,000 in 1976. The Ku Klux Klan is formed on December 24th in Pulaski, Tennessee by six educated, middle class former Confederate veterans.  The Klan soon adopts terror tactics to thwart the aspirations of the formerly enslaved and their supporters. 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